![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Several other minor variants within the group of SCDs also, albeit not as common as the varieties mentioned above. Within the umbrella of SCD, many subgroups exist, namely sickle cell anemia (SCA), hemoglobin SC disease (HbSC), and hemoglobin sickle-beta-thalassemia (beta-thalassemia positive or beta-thalassemia negative). Linus Pauling described the molecular nature of sickle hemoglobin (HbS) in his paper 'Sickle Cell Anemia Hemoglobin.' Ingram Vernon, in 1956, used a fingerprinting technique to describe the replacement of negatively charged glutamine with neutral valine and validated the findings of Linus Pauling. ![]() Beet described the patterns of inheritance in patients with SCD. Ernest Irons reported noticing 'sickle-shaped' red cells in a dental student (Walter Clement Noel from Grenada). Africanus Horton in his book The Disease of Tropical Climates and their treatment (1872). Sickle cell disease (SCD) refers to a group of hemoglobinopathies that include mutations in the gene encoding the beta subunit of hemoglobin. The first description of SCA 'like' disorder was provided by Dr. ![]()
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